Ground Improvement by Deep Vibratory Methods by Klaus Kirsch & Fabian Kirsch

Author:Klaus Kirsch & Fabian Kirsch
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: CRC Press

Most design methods deal with the isolated column or the infinite grid of vibro stone columns. Almost all methods apply the principle of the circular unit cell (Figure 4.8). Only a few methods consider the behavior of column groups.

Settlement reduction is of particular practical importance for the design of vibro stone columns, where the allowable bearing pressure needs to be secured in a separate step by also determining the ultimate bearing capacity of the system. In addition, consolidation time or the reduction of the liquefaction potential may also have to be determined.

A selection of the commonly used design methods can be found in Table 4.1 together with their key design targets. The table also gives the parameters necessary for the design calculation. These methods are empirical and analytical, purely analytical, or analytical and numerical.

Ideally, the design models should reflect the interactions between load application, stone columns, and surrounding soil as will be discussed in the Sections 4.6.1 through 4.6.3. In particular, the elastic–plastic behavior and the dilatancy of the stone column material are important features for the model, and the model is not only valid for the two special cases of the isolated column and for the infinite column grid, but it also governs the column group behavior (Section 4.6.4). However, such high demands are not yet state of the art in designing stone columns, since all methods are still based on far-reaching simplifying assumptions (Soyez, 1987; Bergado et al., 1994; Kirsch, 2004).

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